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Post by rberman on Jan 7, 2020 18:05:27 GMT -5
Bible Comics of Yore
Illustrated versions of the Bible have been around forever, and I am not remotely qualified to catalogue them all. But this thread is going to be about a recent full-length Bible comic published by Kingstone, so it seemed appropriate to start with a brief overview of the topic. Medieval Bibles, copied by hand, often contained illustrations added by bored copyists. Sometimes the illustrations dealt with the textual subject matter, and sometimes not. The Book of Kells created in Ireland (some say Britain) in the ninth century remains a central work in the canon of Bible art. Beautiful, is it not? “Dark Ages” indeed! But let’s skip ahead to the twentieth century, mainly due to my ignorance of the intervening period. In the “strange bedfellows” department: From 1952 to 1974, Basil Wolverton, one of the seminal figures in underground comix, provided illustrations for a Bible digest published by Herbert Armstrong’s Worldwide Church of God. Wolverton was an integral member of Armstrong’s organization, serving on the board of directors. The stories published over a course of two decades have been collected multiple times. Fantagraphics published a compilation of Wolverton’s WWCoG work in 2009. The art is terrific but falls more into the category of “illustration” than “comic book” since there are no word balloons. Wolverton doesn’t shy away from the more emotionally charged moments of the story, as seen below in the E.C.-worthy picture of Abraham about to knife his son Isaac. 1953: Atlas Comics “ Bible Tales for Young Folk” tended to skip around. Issue #1 included Creation and the Fall of Man, Noah, the Anointing of David, the Nativity of Jesus, Miracles of Jesus, the Transfiguration of Jesus, and text pages with Psalm 23, the Beatitudes, and the Ten Commandments. A few errors spring to mind; the snake that tempts Eve is already legless. Spire Christian Comics of the 1970s and 1980s were notable for the involvement of Archie Comics artist Al Hartley, and many of the publications were Archie-themed. Others were biographies of modern American evangelical figures. Surprisingly few were Bible stories. Among those few was this modernized version of Jesus’ parable of the Prodigal Son. Robert Crumb took his crack at the book of Genesis in 2009. His illustrations take the text at its word, though characteristically he leans toward extreme depictions of any violent or sexual material, the latter of which can’t be shown here. Among Crumb’s odd choices, the serpent in Eden walks erect. Crumb depicts God as Michelangelo’s old bearded man (an image drawn from Daniel 7), whereas the other Bibles here avoid that depiction, doubtless for a mix of artistic and theological reasons. In 2010, Sergio Cariello illustrated “The Action Bible” with text adapted by David C Cook. It zips through the whole Bible in about 730 pages, necessitating a somewhat cursory approach. Violent scenes like the death of Abel are kept off-panel, and embarrassing episodes like Noah’s drunken nakedness are omitted. Sexuality is omitted or handled very obliquely, and Abraham never brandishes a weapon at Isaac. Note: Obviously there will be a diversity of religious opinions on this board, but I trust people can confine their thoughts to the topic of illustrated/comic book Bibles. Examples of other similar works are fine. I am sure mine only scratch the surface.
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Post by Deleted on Jan 7, 2020 18:17:22 GMT -5
I love the representation of the snake in Robert Crumb's illustration.
I'm not religious, but this does look fascinating. I shall follow the thread with interest.
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Post by rberman on Jan 7, 2020 18:25:57 GMT -5
I should have included the small pamphlet comic books published by Jack Chick's company for decades. Most of them are cautionary tales about modern young folk going astray, but a few simply retell Bible stories. The one below tells the fiery furnace story from the book of Daniel and is entitled "Burn Baby Burn!" I suspect the art on these tracts has been redone a few times over the years.
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Post by Duragizer on Jan 7, 2020 20:01:43 GMT -5
I was raised Armstrongist, so I have some familiarity with Wolverton's work for the WWCOG. Neither my parents nor myself ever actually owned any books with his illustrations, but his work's quite infamous among the ex-Armstrongite community; his illustrations for 1975 in Prophecy in particular had a traumatizing effect on many members, especially the younger ones.
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Post by Roquefort Raider on Jan 7, 2020 21:14:49 GMT -5
I’m not going to post images from The Bible: Eden, by Keith Giffen and Scott Hampton, despite the beautiful art by the latter (it was published by Penthouse). Let’s just say that the matter of sexuality is not sidestepped in that book!
It’s definitely too titillating to be seen as much more than soft porn, but there are really good pictures in there. The angels look great, the days of creation too, and Adam and Eve adapting to life after the age of innocence (described in a few text-less pages) is actually very moving; especially when the couple doesn’t know what to do with Eve’s pregnancy.
I recall that a few preview pages showed Mary and the annunciation, and that they looked good as well. (But hey... it’s Hampton. Can’t go wrong with that man’s art).
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Post by mikelmidnight on Jan 8, 2020 12:19:18 GMT -5
I have the Wolverton book as well as the Crumb volume. Both masterful, and I think Crumb's is one of the best books I read last year.
I'll add to the list a well-illustrated but not too challenging take from DC, drawn by Joe Kubert.
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Post by rberman on Jan 8, 2020 12:41:40 GMT -5
I have the Wolverton book as well as the Crumb volume. Both masterful, and I think Crumb's is one of the best books I read last year. I'll add to the list a well-illustrated but not too challenging take from DC, drawn by Joe Kubert. Looks like DC's was a Treasury-sized edition for a contemplated series that stopped after one issue. Kubert did layouts; Nestor Redondo finished it.
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Post by rberman on Jan 8, 2020 19:20:03 GMT -5
The Kingstone Bible #1 (2014) “The Beginning”Creative Team: Written by Art Ayris and Ben Avery. Penciled by Danny Bulanadi, Jeff Slemons, Mike Lilly, Geof Isherwood. Inked by Bulanadi, Slemons, Jeff Huet, and Joe Rubinstein Not a bad line up of artists, eh? And the cover is pretty cool. Note that the angel doesn't have a skirt. Those are folded wings, and he has four heads. This is from the book of Ezekiel, chapter 1. Page one takes a brief detour into systematic theology to describe the divine Trinity: The creation story is handled in the usual straightforward fashion, with God creating different elements of the heavens and earth on the separate days. The nature scenes are well rendered. Adam and Eve are tempted by a dragon-looking serpent whose short, stubby legs are removed as penalty for his role in the Fall of Man. The Bible text doesn’t actually say that the serpent ever had legs. I myself am enamored of the notion that the serpent, like the seraphim later in the Bible, was actually a winged creature. The words “serpent” and “seraph” are even cognates, from a word root meaning “burning.” Anyway, enough speculative theology. Kingstone gets bonus points for the forbidden fruit not being an apple. It looks a little scrotal, maybe. Note that every page has a Bible reference at the bottom. The marriages between Adam and Eve’s children, as well as the later taboo against incest, are specifically mentioned in the section on pre-Noahic humanity. The section on Cain and Abel is a good example of how this rendition walks the line of portraying the Bible’s frank narrative without giving it the full “Rated R. Crumb” treatment. Abel is later shown lying on the ground dead, with blood on his neck. It’s closer to Wolverton than to the Action Bible. As in the Bible, Noah gets a lengthy treatment, starting with a humorous montage in which he goes to great effort to make a single board for the ark. According to the Bible, the Ark took 100 years to build. Noah’s three sons are depicted as born into the life of his boat-building, and they endure jeers from mocking citizens (and also insistent offers from prostitutes, a detail not in the Bible) of a nearby town. During their year on the ark, they debate whether to eat the livestock when their own food supplies dwindle. The animals are well rendered, of course. That’s kind of a “better not mess it up” moment in every Bible storybook. “Children’s Bibles” don't usually include the story of Noah getting drunk, and then his son Ham rudely ogling Noah’s naked body. But Kingstone gives three pages to that vignette, albeit non-explicitly. The Tower of Babel episode finds men breaking into modern languages, which obviously is not literally what happened in the ancient narrative, but it does capture the gist for modern readers. Issue #1 concludes with the story of Job (with art by Jeff Slemons), which is believed to depict a pre-Abrahamic society. A double splash page shows Satan presenting himself before God to challenge Job’s piety. You know the rest, I assume. Job’s children are all murdered and his riches stripped away, he contracts a disfiguring illness, and he endures a lengthy debate with three associates who are convinced that the whole thing is somehow Job’s fault. Finally God appears, rebuking both Job and his friends for their attempt to rationalize the actions of the Divine. The behemoth and leviathan are depicted as land and sea dinosaurs, respectively. Job’s health and fortunes are restored.
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Post by rberman on Jan 10, 2020 21:42:04 GMT -5
The Kingstone Bible #2 (2015) “The Patriarchs”Creative Team: Written by Art Ayris. Penciled by Jeff Slemons, Javier Saltares, Kyle Hotz. Inked by Slemons, Chris Ivy, and Jason Moore. Issue two contains the rest of the book of Genesis. The story of Abraham is lengthy and hits all the Biblical beats. The promise of a son. Giving his wife Sarah to Abimelech. Allying with Melchizedek to rescue Lot from raiders. Impregnating his wife’s servant Hagar, then enduring the catfighting between the two women. Sodom and Gomorrah are handled in detail. The two angelic visitors zap the hostile crowd with eye-beams before breaking out a flaming sword. Fire from heaven destroys the cities in a cool double splash page. Lot’s incest with his daughters gets a page. Abraham’s near-sacrifice of Isaac is portrayed less viscerally than Wolverton did it, but more explicitly than usual. Repetitive elements like Abraham’s second attempt to pass his wife off as his sister, and Isaac’s later attempt to do the same, are briefly but adequately covered, which is unusual for illustrated versions. The incident of “Jacob’s ladder” follows art history precedent rather than the Bible when it gives the angels wings.The Bible always describes angels as looking like men without wings), while other heavenly creatures like Cherubim and Seraphim have wings, and other bizarre features as well. Jacob’s cleverness in selective breeding of goats is covered. His marriage to the sisters Leah and Rachel is shown, without delving into Leah’s heartbreak as the unloved, also-ran wife with “weak eyes.” The Bible doesn’t go in depth into that either. But for modern readers it’s a poignant moment that makes us wish for more detail. When Jacob wrestles the angel, a caption tells us that “many believe this was a pre-incarnate visitation of Jesus Christ.” The rape of Dinah, and the ferocious vengeance of her brothers, gets two pages. Naturally, the story of Joseph gets plenty of room, as it always does. Joseph is seriously buff by the time he’s released from prison and elevated to be Pharaoh’s lieutenant. His maneuverings to test his treacherous brothers is told in great detail.
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Post by Prince Hal on Jan 10, 2020 22:05:48 GMT -5
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Post by rberman on Jan 10, 2020 23:32:37 GMT -5
Thanks for those. I covered the Atlas series in the opening post. How odd/amusing that E.C. was once "Educational Comics" publishing Bible comics. I think I recall that detail from "The Ten Cent Plague" now that I think about it.
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Post by Deleted on Jan 11, 2020 7:57:16 GMT -5
Despite not being religious, I am finding this topic fascinating. The art being shared is tremendous!
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Post by rberman on Jan 11, 2020 10:24:31 GMT -5
Despite not being religious, I am finding this topic fascinating. The art being shared is tremendous! I was pleasantly surprised by the caliber of artists they marshalled. Joe Rubinstein?! I remember Danny Bulanadi from reading Micronauts in the 80s. Here he is (far right) with Kingstone's Art Ayris. I'm having difficulty finding sources on who did the art for issues #3-12. The anthology editions just list all the artists at the beginning of the volume rather than splitting apart the different issues on which they worked.
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Post by rberman on Jan 12, 2020 9:09:02 GMT -5
Issue #3 “The Ten Commandments” (March 2014)Creative Team: Art Ayris wrote it. Comixology lists Danny Bulanadi as the sole penciler and inker. Can that be right? My collected volume doesn’t say. Also, Comixology’s release date of March 2014 means it was released a year before Issue #2. Not sure how accurate that is either. I suppose it’s possible they were released out of order. The first two issues were spent on just one of the Bible’s sixty-six books, giving the origin story for both the universe and Abraham’s family. This issue covers the book of Exodus, which describes the family’s expansion into the nation of Israel, and its rescue from centuries of slavery in Egypt and eventual entry into Canaan, as described in the books of Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, Deuteronomy, and Judges. It starts with infanticide, as Pharaoh decides his slaves need to be taken down a peg. Baby Moses escapes this fate. He’s adopted by Pharaoh’s daughter, spends forty years growing up in Pharaoh’s court, then must flee to the desert for forty more years after committing manslaughter. While in the Desert, Yahweh appears to Moses, speaking from a burning bush, and appoints him as instrument of his people’s deliverance. Moses' ties to both the slave population and the royal house of Pharaoh make him uniquely suited as a mediator, despite his previous disgrace. Also during this period Moses marries a Midianite woman and has a son. Exodus 4 contains a curious story snippet in which God nearly kills Moses for unclear reasons, and his wife circumcises their son to save Moses from God’s wrath. The meaning of this vignette has puzzled readers for millennia, and Bible storybooks usually omit it. But this one includes the story and offers captions to read between the lines of what happened. Note also that the previous panel places the date of the Exodus in the mid 1400s BC. This date is widely accepted among American Evangelical theologians by working backwards from other dates in the Bible, though some favor a date in the 1200s BC on archeological grounds. Egyptian sources tell us that in the mid 1400s BC, Pharaoh Amenhotep II suddenly ended his military efforts, and his son did not succeed him. Next, a series of miracles in which Yahweh shows his supremacy over the various gods of Egypt. If you haven’t read the Bible, have you seen “The Prince of Egypt”? Moses’ staff turns into a snake and gobbles snakes released by Pharaoh’s wizards. The Nile River turns to blood. Plagues of frogs, lice, flies, boils, golf-ball sized hail (see below), and finally the deaths of the firstborn sons of families who reject Yahweh’s protection from the Angel of Death. Lots of room here for cool double splashes. All of this is intended to pressure Pharaoh to “let me people go.” Finally Pharaoh allows the Israelites to depart, but then he festers in his rage, assembled the army, and chases them down. Everybody knows that ultimately Pharaoh’s army was killed when the parted waters of the Red Sea came crashing down on them. But even before that is an oft-neglected Big Moment in which God’s angel holds back the chariots of Pharaoh so the Israelites can get further away. “Then the angel of God who was going before the host of Israel moved and went behind them, and the pillar of cloud moved from before them and stood behind them, coming between the host of Egypt and the host of Israel. And there was the cloud and the darkness. And it lit up the night without one coming near the other all night.” The honeymoon between Yahweh and his ransomed people ends quickly, as they start complaining about the lack of food and water in the deep desert. God provides sustenance, but then the people grouse about a monotonous diet. They fend off a major Amalekite attack. Moses’ own brother and sister contemplate a coup. Moses is exhausted with adjudicating the complaints of the people all day, so he recruits tribal leaders to help him settle the endless disputes that arise when resources are limited. The Hebrews trudge to Mount Sinai, where Moses makes several (not just one) trips up and down the mountain to consult with Yahweh and receive the Law, which is depicted with scattered examples. Idle hands become idol-making hands while Moses is otherwise engaged, and Moses busts some heads (3,000 of them, literally) as well as the Ten Commandments (not good, and his temper gets him into more trouble later) when he comes down from 40 days on the mountain to find the people having an orgy around a Golden Calf. Finally the Hebrews arrive at the Promised Land, but their scouts bring back a terrifying report of the military opposition they will face, and the people refuse to follow Moses’ leadership and enter Canaan. God gives them what they want, sort of: The Israelites wander the desert until all the adults have died, and their children are given another chance to follow God’s instructions. During that period, external attacks and armed internal uprisings threaten Moses' leadership. God uses plague, hordes of snakes, and massive earthquakes to quell the various insurrections. Moses himself is forbidden to enter the Land of Promise due to his bad temper, exemplified by an episode in which he smacked a rock rather than simply speaking to it to bring forth a spring of fresh water. Then it’s on into the Book of Joshua. Moses’ lieutenant Joshua was one of the twelve spies who spied out Canaan during the Exodus. Now he’s the leader of Israel, an appointment directly confirmed by God. He sends spies into the walled city of Jericho, where they are sheltered by the prostitute Rahab. So far my 7 year old son has not asked me to explain “prostitute.” Rahab becomes one of the ancestors of King David and thus of Jesus Christ. This is deemed a point in favor of the Bible’s veracity; a king’s lineage would not fabricate a prostitute ancestor. This new generation of Hebrew men are circumcised shortly before going into battle; we saw back in Genesis how this impairs combat efficiency. But God makes up for that by personally tearing down the walls of Jericho. Its inhabitants are to be “devoted to the Lord,” a euphemism for “executed rather than taken captive as slaves.” This aspect of the books of Joshua and Judges has provoked alarm in modern readers from the Enlightenment onward, but it was Standard Operating Procedure in ancient times. This lesson is hammered home when a man named Achan tries to hide some treasure for himself and God allows the whole nation to suffer a military defeat at the hands of an inferior foe, the army of Ai. Achan and his family are quickly executed, and the next battle against Ai goes much better. The rest of the book of Joshua mainly details various military campaigns. Sometimes the Israelites won; sometimes they made treaties despite God’s instructions not to do so. Cohabitation with other peoples invariably led to intermarriage and idolatry. The scene below depicts an episode in which God made the daylight last extra-long so that a battle could be concluded successfully. Note that Joshua is depicted as a strapping young warrior. But he was already an adult when the Israelites left Egypt forty years prior, so he should be at least in his sixties by now. Whew! It’s a whole lot of plot, much of it given in summary, making a summary of the summary difficult. The story of Moses is one of the world’s oldest biographies and its tone differs dramatically from the hagiographies usually associated with celebrity biography both then and now. It’s a “warts and all” portrayal, consistent with the mixed pictures which the book of Genesis gave for figures like Noah, Lot, Abraham, and Jacob. Message: God is faithful, but his human representatives often are not. As a later Psalm says, “Do not put your trust in princes.”
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Post by rberman on Jan 13, 2020 20:16:43 GMT -5
On the general topic of comic book-style Bible stories, I'm crossposting this quotation from another thread. It's captioned rather than using word balloons, but since it has sequential panels I think we can count it.: I know there have been countless comics adaptations of Bible stories. That's probably not what you're looking for in this thread. But several years back, I managed to find, download, clean up and re-post about 65 YEARS' worth of " Stories From The Bible" installments from BOY'S LIFE magazine. When I got everything I could get my hands on online, I then started a 2nd blog just to re-post all the installments, this time in the order of the book (rather than the magazine publication dates). They'd done multiple versions of many stories over the years, some a couple times, some as many as 10 times, by different artists. Among the artists were several I associate with other series... like Creig Flessel, Irving Novick, Lou Fine, Curt Swan, Frank Bolle, Don Punchatz, Anthony Castrillo, Graeme Hewetson, and Tin Salamunic. There are several others I have not been able to identify, because from the early 60s to the late 70s, editor Al Stenzel REMOVED all the credits! They returned after he passed away. Bizarre, isn't it? The BL series oddly stopped doing any " New Testament" stories by the late 60s. I came to suspect it was either because they felt other magazines had those bases covered, or, because by focusing on the "Old Testament", they would be of interest to both Christians AND Jews. Here's the very 1st installment, from September 1952. Creig Flessel art!
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